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Periodontology
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Periodontology
Periododontolgy
It is the branch of dentistry that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and maintenance of the soft and hard tissues surrounding the tooth (periodontal tissues), i.e. gum, alveolar bone, root cement, periodontal ligament.
Periodontal disease can present itself as gingivitis or periodontitis, the former involves the healing of the supporting tissues, the latter always involves an irreversible lesion after healing. There are four types of periodontitis: Chronic, Aggressive, Associated with systemic diseases and Necrotizing.
Periodontitis is a very common disease: 4 out of 10 adults suffer from gum inflammation, which very often begins with simple bleeding of the gums during daily brushing of the teeth or when chewing particularly solid foods.
What is periodontitis?
Well, this happens when the gum area becomes inflamed and stretches the ligaments and bones that hold the teeth in place, causing the teeth to loosen or even fall out. Among periodontal diseases, it is considered a fairly common disease and usually manifests itself in adolescence. It is also one of the main reasons why adults develop tooth loss.
Unlike the simple inflammation of the gums known as gingivitis, this type of disease affects people with a high probability of developing serious periodontal tissue infections. These tissues are responsible for the covering of the teeth.
The causes linked to this disease
Lifestyle, which has a great influence on periodontal health. Especially when it comes to diet, alcohol consumption and other substances. Another factor to consider is lack of physical activity.
It is important to highlight smoking, as it is one of the main risk factors for the development of periodontitis. Smoking interferes with tissue healing, facilitating the development of not only periodontitis, but also other types of oral diseases.
Another cause that can lead to periodontal disease has to do with genetics. If you come from a family that easily develops these diseases, it is possible that you will suffer from them in the future, especially if you increase your tobacco consumption.
As we said before, maintaining inadequate oral hygiene is a risk factor, especially if you suffer from tooth crowding or other teeth misalignment problems that can hinder a proper cleaning process.
Any treatment to resolve periodontitis varies from case to case. This will also depend on the condition and stage of the disease. Of course it will vary from patient to patient.
There are cases where it will be necessary to apply only a few non-surgical periodontal techniques, such as those we will present below.
The first step that a specialist will have to take before recommending any type of treatment and being able to recognize the state in which the disease is found, will be to carry out a study. This study consists of x-rays and a periodontal exam, also known as a gum exam.
By conducting this study and better understanding the current state of the disease if it is in an early stage, some treatments such as:
Periodontal surgery
Periodontal surgery allows the specialist to reach difficult-to-reach areas of the periodontal pockets, areas that should not be reached by scaling and root planing.
This type of surgery, also known as a flap, is performed through a small incision in the gum near the root of the tooth. This allows a small portion of what would be gum tissue to be separated and then lifted allowing the specialist to be able to scrape and apply root planing more deeply and effectively.
Gingival graft
This treatment is used when gum recession occurs. Gum recession occurs when periodontitis is in a more advanced state, which consequently causes the tissues around the tooth to shrink.
To obtain the graft, the specialist must take a small piece of gum, both from nearby areas and from the palate, to apply it to the damaged area. This is how periodontal plastic surgery is performed.
Bone graft
To perform a bone graft it is first necessary to identify the damaged area and evaluate the possibilities of applying the treatment. These procedures are intended to prevent the loss of the tooth or teeth and prolong their useful life.
Stimulation of tissue regeneration
Periodontal regeneration is another treatment used to treat periodontitis. The purpose of this treatment is to rebuild damaged tissues, such as part of the bones and gums, and strengthen their growth.
In some cases, this treatment is applied in addition to surgery. This method consists of placing a special membrane between the gum area and the damaged bone to encourage its growth.
Another regenerative procedure used to complement a surgical treatment is known as the application of proteins that help stimulate the area to increase the regeneration of the damaged or lost periodontal ligament and bone.
Do you want to know more? Contact the dental practice to book your first appointment. Our staff will be happy to provide you with all the necessary information.
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